Spain Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE TSE Confirmed
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy ,Spain
Summary
Report type
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Immediate notification (Final report)
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Date of start of the event
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24/01/2019
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Date of confirmation of the event
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19/02/2019
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Report date
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22/02/2019
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Date submitted to OIE
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22/02/2019
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Date event resolved
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22/02/2019
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Reason for notification
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Recurrence of a listed disease
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Date of previous occurrence
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23/11/2017
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Manifestation of disease
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Sub-clinical infection
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Causal agent
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Prion (atypical BSE type H)
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Nature of diagnosis
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Laboratory (advanced)
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This event pertains to
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a defined zone within the country
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New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
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Total outbreaks: 1
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Outbreak Location
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Total animals affected
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Outbreak statistics
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* Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter; |
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection
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Epidemiological comments
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On January 25th, 2019, the Central Veterinary Laboratory in Algete (National Reference Laboratory for TSEs, accredited under UNE-EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 standard), received a nerve tissue sample suspected of infection by bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) from the accredited Regional Laboratory for Animal Health in Villaquilambre, León (official regional laboratory), after a positive result was obtained through a Bio-Rad TeSeE SAP rapid test.
The NRL carried out the confirmation tests authorized according to EU Regulation No. 1148/2014. The selected combined tests were Bio-Rad TeSeE Wb confirmation Western blot and ELISA (Idexx HerdChek BSE-Scrapie Antigen Test Kit) and positive results were obtained for both tests. Afterwards, tests for BSE strain discrimination were carried out through hybrid immunoblotting with antibodies against PrP, confirming atypical BSE (H type strain). The sample was taken within the national TSE surveillance program (sampling of dead or non-slaughtered for human consumption animals over 48 months old). The animal was a Holstein-like bred cow born on July 30th, 2013. |
Control measures
Measures applied
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Measures to be applied
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Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type
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Central Veterinary Laboratory in Algete ( National laboratory )
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Tests and results
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Future Reporting
The event is resolved. No more reports will be submitted.
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Encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine ,Espagne
Résumé
Type de rapport
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Notification immédiate (rapport final)
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Date de début de l’événement
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24/01/2019
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Date de confirmation de l´événement
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19/02/2019
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Date du rapport
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22/02/2019
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Date d'envoi à l'OIE
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22/02/2019
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Date de clôture de l'événement
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22/02/2019
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Raison de notification
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Réapparition d’une maladie listée par l'OIE
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Date de la précédente apparition de la maladie
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23/11/2017
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Manifestation de la maladie
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Infection sub-clinique
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Agent causal
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Prion (ESB atypique de type H)
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Nature du diagnostic
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Tests approfondis en laboratoire (i.e. virologie, microscopie électronique, biologie moléculaire, immunologie)
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Cet événement se rapporte à
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une zone définie à l'intérieur du pays
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Nouveaux foyers
Récapitulatif des foyers
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Nombre total de foyers : 1
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Localisation du foyer
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Nombre total d'animaux atteints
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Statistiques sur le foyer
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* Soustraits de la population sensible suite à la mort, à l´abattage et/ou à la destruction; |
Epidémiologie
Source du/des foyer(s) ou origine de l´infection
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Autres renseignements épidémiologiques / Commentaires
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Le 25 janvier 2019, le Laboratoire central vétérinaire d’Algete (Laboratoire national de référence pour les EST, accrédité selon la norme UNE-EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005) a reçu un échantillon de tissu nerveux suspecté d'être infecté par l’encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine (ESB) envoyé par le laboratoire régional agréé de santé animale de Villaquilambre, León (laboratoire régional officiel), suite à l’obtention d’un résultat positif au test rapide Bio-Rad TeSeE SAP.
Le Laboratoire national de référence (LNR) a débuté les tests de confirmation autorisés, conformément au Règlement (UE) nº 1148/2014. Combinaison de tests sélectionnés : Western blot de confirmation Bio-Rad TeSeE Wb et ELISA (Idexx HerdChek BSE-Scrapie Antigen Test Kit). Les deux tests ont donné des résultats positifs. Le LNR a ensuite effectué des tests de discrimination de souches de l’ESB via immuno-empreintes hybrides avec différents anticorps dirigés contre PrP, qui ont identifié l’ESB atypique (souche de type H). L’échantillon a été prélevé dans le cadre du programme national de surveillance des EST (prélèvement sur animaux morts ou non-sacrifiés pour consommation par l‘homme, de plus de 48 mois). L’animal de race Frisonne, femelle, est né le 30 juillet 2013. |
Mesures de lutte
Mesures de lutte appliquées
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Mesures à appliquer
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Résultats des tests de diagnostics
Nom du laboratoire et type
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Laboratoire central vétérinaire d’Algete ( Laboratoire national )
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Tests et résultats
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Rapports futurs
L’événement est terminé. Aucun autre rapport ne sera envoyé.
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Encefalopatía espongiforme bovina ,España
Resumen
Tipo de informe
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Notificación inmediata(Informe final)
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Fecha del inicio del evento
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24/01/2019
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Fecha de confirmación del evento
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19/02/2019
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Fecha del informe
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22/02/2019
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Fecha de envio del informe a la OIE
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22/02/2019
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Fecha del cierre del evento
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22/02/2019
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Motivo de la notificación
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Recurrencia de una enfermedad de la Lista de la OIE
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Fecha de la anterior aparición de la enfermedad
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23/11/2017
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Manifestación de la enfermedad
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Infección sub-clínica
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Agente causal
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Prión (EEB atípica tipo H)
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Naturaleza del diagnóstico
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Pruebas de diagnóstico de laboratorio avanzadas (ej. virología, microscopía electrónica, biología molecular e inmunología)
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Este evento concierne
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una zona definida dentro del país
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Nuevos focos
Resumen de los focos
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Número total de focos: 1
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Localización del foco
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Número total de animales afectados
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Estadística del foco
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* Descontados de la población susceptible a raíz de su muerte, destrucción o sacrificio; |
Epidemiología
Fuente del o de los focos u origen de la infección
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Otros detalles epidemiológicos / comentarios
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El 25 de enero de 2019 el Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria de Algete (Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia para EETs, acreditado bajo la norma UNE-EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005), recibió una muestra de tejido nervioso sospechosa de EEB desde el laboratorio regional acreditado de Sanidad animal de Villaquilambre, León (laboratorio regional oficial), tras haber obtenido resultado positivo a test rápido Bio-Rad TeSeE SAP.
El LNR inició las pruebas de confirmación autorizadas de acuerdo al Reglamento (UE) nº 1148/2014. La combinación de pruebas seleccionada fue Western Blot de confirmación Bio-Rad TeSeE Wb y ELISA (Idexx HerdCherk BSE-Scrapie Antigen Test Kit), obteniendo resultados positivos a ambas. Posteriormente procedió a hacer pruebas de discriminación de cepas de EEB a través de inmunotransferencia híbrida con diferentes anticuerpos frente a la PrP, resultando EEB atípica cepa tipo H. La muestra se tomó como parte del programa nacional de vigilancia de EETs (muestreo de animales muertos o no sacrificados para el consumo humano mayores de 48 meses de edad). El animal de la raza denominada frisona, hembra, nació el 30 de julio de 2013. |
Medidas de Control
Medidas implementadas
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Medidas para implementar
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Resultados de las pruebas diagnósticas
Nombre y tipo de laboratorio
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Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria, Algete ( Laboratorio nacional )
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Pruebas y resultados
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Informes futuros
El episodio ha sido resuelto. Ningún otro informe será enviado
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''Atypical BSE is different, and it generally occurs in older cattle, usually 8 years of age or greater. It seems to arise rarely and spontaneously in all cattle populations.''
***Subsequent testing resulted in the detection of pathologic lesion in unusual brain location and PrPsc detection by PMCA only.
*** IBNC Tauopathy or TSE Prion disease, it appears, no one is sure ***
http://www.plosone.org/annotation/listThread.action?root=86610
CDC Volume 23, Number 2—February 2017
*** Consumption of L-BSE–contaminated feed may pose a risk for oral transmission of the disease agent to cattle.
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/23/2/16-1416_article
Prion 2018 Conference
P98 The agent of H-type bovine spongiform encephalopathy associated with E211K prion protein polymorphism transmits after oronasal challenge
This study demonstrates that the H-type BSE agent is transmissible by the oronasal route. These results reinforce the need for ongoing surveillance for classical and atypical BSE to minimize the risk of potentially infectious tissues entering the animal or human food chains.
Prion 2018 Conference
https://prion2018.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/program.pdf
P04.27
Experimental BSE Infection of Non-human Primates: Efficacy of the Oral Route
Holznagel, E1; Yutzy, B1; Deslys, J-P2; Lasmézas, C2; Pocchiari, M3; Ingrosso, L3; Bierke, P4; Schulz-Schaeffer, W5; Motzkus, D6; Hunsmann, G6; Löwer, J1 1Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Germany; 2Commissariat à l´Energie Atomique, France; 3Instituto Superiore di Sanità, Italy; 4Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease control, Sweden; 5Georg August University, Germany; 6German Primate Center, Germany
Background:
In 2001, a study was initiated in primates to assess the risk for humans to contract BSE through contaminated food. For this purpose, BSE brain was titrated in cynomolgus monkeys.
Aims:
The primary objective is the determination of the minimal infectious dose (MID50) for oral exposure to BSE in a simian model, and, by in doing this, to assess the risk for humans. Secondly, we aimed at examining the course of the disease to identify possible biomarkers.
Methods:
Groups with six monkeys each were orally dosed with lowering amounts of BSE brain: 16g, 5g, 0.5g, 0.05g, and 0.005g. In a second titration study, animals were intracerebrally (i.c.) dosed (50, 5, 0.5, 0.05, and 0.005 mg).
Results:
In an ongoing study, a considerable number of high-dosed macaques already developed simian vCJD upon oral or intracerebral exposure or are at the onset of the clinical phase. However, there are differences in the clinical course between orally and intracerebrally infected animals that may influence the detection of biomarkers.
Conclusions:
Simian vCJD can be easily triggered in cynomolgus monkeys on the oral route using less than 5 g BSE brain homogenate. The difference in the incubation period between 5 g oral and 5 mg i.c. is only 1 year (5 years versus 4 years). However, there are rapid progressors among orally dosed monkeys that develop simian v CJD as fast as intracerebrally inoculated animals.
The work referenced was performed in partial fulfillment of the study “BSE in primates“ supported by the EU (QLK1-2002-01096).
http://www.prion2007.com/pdf/Prion%20Book%20of%20Abstracts.pdf
Simian vCJD can be easily triggered in cynomolgus monkeys on the oral route using less than 5 g BSE brain homogenate.
http://www.prion2007.com/pdf/Prion%20Book%20of%20Abstracts.pdf
look at the table and you'll see that as little as 1 mg (or 0.001 gm) caused 7% (1 of 14) of the cows to come down with BSE;
Risk of oral infection with bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent in primates
Corinne Ida Lasmézas, Emmanuel Comoy, Stephen Hawkins, Christian Herzog, Franck Mouthon, Timm Konold, Frédéric Auvré, Evelyne Correia, Nathalie Lescoutra-Etchegaray, Nicole Salès, Gerald Wells, Paul Brown, Jean-Philippe Deslys Summary The uncertain extent of human exposure to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)--which can lead to variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD)--is compounded by incomplete knowledge about the efficiency of oral infection and the magnitude of any bovine-to-human biological barrier to transmission. We therefore investigated oral transmission of BSE to non-human primates. We gave two macaques a 5 g oral dose of brain homogenate from a BSE-infected cow. One macaque developed vCJD-like neurological disease 60 months after exposure, whereas the other remained free of disease at 76 months. On the basis of these findings and data from other studies, we made a preliminary estimate of the food exposure risk for man, which provides additional assurance that existing public health measures can prevent transmission of BSE to man.
snip...
BSE bovine brain inoculum
100 g 10 g 5 g 1 g 100 mg 10 mg 1 mg 0·1 mg 0·01 mg
Primate (oral route)* 1/2 (50%)
Cattle (oral route)* 10/10 (100%) 7/9 (78%) 7/10 (70%) 3/15 (20%) 1/15 (7%) 1/15 (7%)
RIII mice (ic ip route)* 17/18 (94%) 15/17 (88%) 1/14 (7%)
PrPres biochemical detection
The comparison is made on the basis of calibration of the bovine inoculum used in our study with primates against a bovine brain inoculum with a similar PrPres concentration that was
inoculated into mice and cattle.8 *Data are number of animals positive/number of animals surviving at the time of clinical onset of disease in the first positive animal (%). The accuracy of
bioassays is generally judged to be about plus or minus 1 log. ic ip=intracerebral and intraperitoneal.
Table 1: Comparison of transmission rates in primates and cattle infected orally with similar BSE brain inocula
Published online January 27, 2005
http://www.thelancet.com/journal/journal.isa
Calves were challenged by mouth with homogenised brain from confirmed cases of BSE. Some received 300g (3 doses of 100g), some 100g, 10g or 1g. They were then left to develop BSE, but were not subjected to the normal stresses that they might have encountered in a dairy herd. Animals in all four groups developed BSE. There has been a considerable spread of incubation period in some of the groups, but it appears as if those in the 1 and 10g challenge groups most closely fit the picture of incubation periods seen in the epidemic. Experiments in progress indicate that oral infection can occur in some animals with doses as low as 0.01g and 0.001g. .........
http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/bse/science-research/pathog.html#dose
It is clear that the designing scientists must also have shared Mr Bradley's surprise at the results because all the dose levels right down to 1 gram triggered infection.
http://web.archive.org/web/20061003022720/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s145d.pdf
6. It also appears to me that Mr Bradley's answer (that it would take less than say 100 grams) was probably given with the benefit of hindsight; particularly if one considers that later in the same answer Mr Bradley expresses his surprise that it could take as little of 1 gram of brain to cause BSE by the oral route within the same species. This information did not become available until the "attack rate" experiment had been completed in 1995/96. This was a titration experiment designed to ascertain the infective dose. A range of dosages was used to ensure that the actual result was within both a lower and an upper limit within the study and the designing scientists would not have expected all the dose levels to trigger infection. The dose ranges chosen by the most informed scientists at that time ranged from 1 gram to three times one hundred grams. It is clear that the designing scientists must have also shared Mr Bradley's surprise at the results because all the dose levels right down to 1 gram triggered infection.
http://web.archive.org/web/20061003022724/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s147f.pdf
Saturday, June 25, 2011
Transmissibility of BSE-L and Cattle-Adapted TME Prion Strain to Cynomolgus Macaque
"BSE-L in North America may have existed for decades"
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2011/06/transmissibility-of-bse-l-and-cattle.html
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